多核无机高分子絮凝剂PMC红外结构及其性能

分别用含Fe、Mg、Al和Zn金属核的络合剂(FMA)及含活性SiO2的交联剂(PSi)改性增效聚合氯化铝(PAC),合成了一种硅稳定型多核无机高分子絮凝剂(PMC)。通过分析PMC絮凝剂的红外光谱(FT-IR)发现,在波长为900～1100cm-1、1500～1700cm-1和3000～3600cm-1波段,PAC的特征吸收峰消失,原有基团也发生了一定程度的畸变,多金属核间的羟基化作用使得PMC中产生了有别于PAC的新化学键,表明PMC分子结构中可能不再有单核无机高分子聚合物。这种增效反应导致PMC的相对分子质量比PAC增大,选择性荷电吸附能力增强,因而特别适合处理油田含油污水和印染污水等变组分污水。对天然水体和印染污水的对比絮凝实验表明,PMC絮凝剂的絮凝速度、脱色率和悬浮物去除率均高于传统絮凝剂PAC和PFS(聚合硫酸铁)。对油田采油污水和炼油厂含油污水,经质量浓度为150～250mg·L-1的PMC强化絮凝处理后,污水的化学耗氧量(COD)和含油率均可达到国家规定的污水回注标准或排放标准。

The Infrared Spectra and Characteristics of PMC--a Multicore Inorganic Polymer Flocculant

By use of a complexing agent (FMA) containing several metal ions of ferric,magnesium,aluminum and zinc,a crosslinking agent (PSi) containing activated silicic acid and polyaluminum chlorides (PAC) as main feedstocks,a new inorganic polymer flocculant named poly multicores (PMC) of stable siliceous type with multiple cores was synthesized by the method of enhanced reactions.FT-IR spectra of the flocculant PMC show that, the characteristic absorption peaks of PAC disappear in the ranges of 900-1100,1500-1700 and 3000-3600 cm-1,and every characteristic absorption band of original groups in PAC has a band shift due to its structural aberration.The hydroxylation among multiple metal cores results in the formation of some new chemical bonds,indicating that there should be no longer single mono core inorganic polymer in PMC.For this reason,PMC has greater molecular weight and stronger selective charge adsorption than PAC.The new flocculating agent is especially suitable for treating the wastewater of varying components,such as the oily sewage of oilfield and printworks sewage.For natural water and printworks sewage the coagulation behaviors of PMC overmatched the traditional flocculants PAC and PFS (polymerized ferric sulphate) in the speed of coagulation,decoloration rate and removal rate of suspended substances (SS).Under the conditions of enhanced treatment with 150-250 mg/L PMC for the produced water in oilfield or refinery,COD and oil bearing rate of the purified oily water can completely meet the standard of reinjection water in oil production process,or the discharge standard of wastewater issued by the government.