微波辐射稀土复合固体超强酸催化合成苯甲酸异丁酯

采用微波辐射技术，以稀土复合固体超强酸SO₄^2--TiO₂ -Y^3+为酯化反应催化剂合成苯甲酸异丁酯。通过正交实验考察了醇酸物质的量比、微波辐射功率、微波辐射时间和催化剂用量等因素对酯化反应的影响。结果表明，稀土复合固体超强酸SO₄^2--TiO₂-Y³⁺具有良好的催化活性，在苯甲酸用量0.1 mol、醇酸物质的量比3.5∶1、催化剂用量为反应物总质量的1.5%、微波输出功率320 W和辐射时间10 min的优化条件下，反应的酯化率可达97%以上。催化剂重复使用6次，仍保持较高活性，所得产品无色透明，纯度较高。并用折光率和红外光谱等手段对产品进行确证。

Synthesis of isobutyl benzoate catalyzed by rare earth composite solid superacid under microwave irradiation

Isobutyl benzoate was synthesized using rare earth composite solid superacid SO4^2- -TiO2-Y^3＋ as the catalyst under microwave irradiation. Effects of isobutyl alcohol to benzoic acid molar ratio, microwave power, irradiation time and catalyst dosage on the esterification reaction were investigated by orthogonal experiment. Optimal results were obtained under the following condition： benzoic acid 0.1 mol, n（isobutyl alcohol）： n（benzoic acid） =3.5： 1, microwave power 320 W, irradiation time 10 min, catalyst dosage 1. 5% of mass of the feed. Esterification percentage of over 97% was obtained under the optimal condition. The catalyst could be repeatedly used for six times without loss of catalytic activity.