窄河谷多个泄水建筑物水舌落点的控制研究

在窄河谷中布置多个泄水建筑物时,若泄流孔口体形设计不当,可能存在水舌交叉、集中、砸岸等问题,研究各水舌落点控制问题具有现实意义。结合某山区窄河谷水电工程,在1∶50的整体水工模型试验基础上,研究了坝身表孔、中底孔及侧底孔挑射水流的落点控制问题。结果表明:窄河谷多个泄水建筑物的中孔位置可优先考虑设置燕尾坎;斜切坎应用于边孔位置时,宜对靠岸坡的边墙进行适当的倒圆处理;连续坎挑射水流横向扩散充分,不宜应用于窄河谷。

Study on the Control of Flow Nappe Droppoint of Discharge Structures in Narrow Valley

In the layout of discharge structures in narrow valley,improper design of discharge orifices will result in problems such as flow nappe crossing,concentration and landing on the banks.Therefore,it is of practical significance to study the droppoint control of different flow nappes.Based on a 1∶50 hydraulic model of a hydropower project in a narrow valley,the control of nappe droppoints of surface spillway,middle-bottom outlet and side-bottom outlet of dam are studied.The results show that,(a)the swallow-tailed flip bucket can be preferentially set at the end of middle-bottom outlet;(b)when the chamfered flip bucket is applied to the side outlet,proper rounding treatment should be carried out for the side wall near the bank slope;and(c)the continuous flip bucket has sufficient transverse diffusion and is not suitable in narrow valley.