From patterns to frameworks to parallel programs

Object-oriented programming, design patterns, and frameworks are abstraction techniques that have been used to reduce the complexity of sequential programming. This paper describes our approach of applying these three techniques to the more difficult parallel programming domain. The Parallel Design Patterns (PDP) process, the basis of the CO₂P₃S parallel programming system, combines these techniques in a layered development model. The result is a new approach to parallel programming that addresses correctness and openness in a unique way. At the topmost development layer, a customized framework is generated from a design pattern specification of the parallel structure of the program. This framework encapsulates all of the structural details of the pattern, including communication and synchronization, to prevent programmer errors and ensure correctness. Lower layers are used only for performance tuning to make the code as efficient as necessary. This paper describes CO₂P₃S, based on the PDP process, and demonstrates it using an example application. We also provide results from a usability study of CO₂P₃S.