基于结构模型的拆卸序列规划研究

为了解决装配结构复杂的产品拆卸序列规划中因数据组合爆炸而导致运算量剧增的问题，首先分析了典型装配体的拆卸特点，以零件自由度交集的运算结果作为拆卸方向的判断依据，提出了约束消除的概念，进而通过启发式算法实现了拆卸序列的自动生成；为了提高拆卸序列规划的运算效率和计算结果的实用性，引入了以装配关系为基础的层次化结构模型，通过逐层分解的方法降低了装配结构深度，避免了从整个复杂装配体上求单一零件的拆卸序列，达到了减少运算的目的；最后以简化的汽车为例，阐述了基于结构模型的拆卸序列规划过程。研究结果表明，以层次化结构模型为基础、以约束消除为原则的拆卸序列规划能有效降低运算量，从而控制复杂产品的数据组合爆炸问题。

Research on construction model-based disassembly squencing

In order to solve the problem of data explosion during disassembly sequencing for products that have complex structure, disassembly features of typical mechanical components were analyzed, valid intersections of freedom of a part were regarded as its possible disassembly directions. Applying the principle of constraint eliminating, disassembly sequencing was realized by heuristic algorithms. To further improve computation efficiency and practicability of the disassembly sequence, a hierarchical construction model was introduced to downgrade assembly depth of a product. By means of structural decomposing, computation reduction was realized since that was unnecessary to determine the disassembly sequence for any single part of the entire product. The disassembly sequencing procedure was illustrated by a vehicle model. The result indicates that the amount of computation during disassembly sequencing is significantly reduced by the hierarchical construction modelbased constraint eliminating, and therefore data explosion for complex products is controlled .