中小型磷矿井下安全避险系统建设方案

为了在中小型磷矿完成安全避险“六大系统”建设任务,本文对相关建设规范进行了研究,通过对中小型磷矿开采条件的分析及危险因素的识别,针对不同的矿山条件,分别形成了相应的“六大系统”建设方案.紧急避险系统由个体防护、避灾设施、避灾路线、应急预案等组成.有些矿山经论证可缓建或不建避灾设施,防透水型避灾硐室采用井巷内钢管供风供水、地表局扇抽出式排气方案.压风自救和供水施救系统从地表空压机或高位水池安装钢管至井下形成枝状管网.监测监控系统中选用较成熟的矿井井下环境监测系统,视频监控系统将地面及井下重要安全生产岗位的图像实时传送到矿井调度室.采空区地压监测采用包括岩体声发射、顶板变形、矿柱应力监测的综合监测方案.根据并下工作人员数量新建并下人员定位系统,或设置考勤系统.根据规范要求,对原有矿山有线通信系统进行升级改造.以上“六大系统”建设方案均已通过了省安监局组织的专家验收评审,并在矿山实施,目前已相继投入运行,使矿山安全保障能力得到显著提升.

Construction plan of underground safe evacuation systems of small and medium phosphorus mines

In order to accomplish the construction task of "six systems" for safe evacuation in small and medium phosphorus mines,this paper carries out the research on regulations about construction of six systems for safe evacuation in metal and nonmetal underground mine.Based on the analysis on various working conditions and hazard factors of many small and medium phosphorus mines in Hubei Province,this paper carries out corresponding construction plans.Emergency refuge system is made up of individual protection,emergency refuge facility,emergency refuge route,emergency plan and so on.Through the argument,construction of emergency refuge facility can be suspended or canceled.Anti-flood refuge chamber is suitable for the plan of supplying air and water through steel tubes in roadways and air exhausting by draw-out auxiliary fans on the ground surface.Steel tubes from air compressor on the ground surface and head tank constitute the branch pipe system of compressed-air self-help system and water rescue system.As for monitoring and supervision system,the mature environmental monitoring system underground is chosen.Video monitoring system transmits real-time image of important posts on and under the ground to the dispatching room.As the ground pressure monitoring plan of goaf,a comprehensive plan is adopted consisting of rock accoustic emission monitoring,roof deformation monitoring,pillar stress monitoring and so on.Based on staff number underground,newly-bulit personnel regional positioning system or attendance system can be adopted.Additionally,the original wireline communication system should be upgraded and reconstructed.The plans mentioned have got through experts acceptance reviews by Hubei Province Administration of Work Safety.Currently,the plans have been put into operation and have strengthened safety ensuring ability of mines.