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通过对塔里木盆地满加尔凹陷侏罗系演化程度较低 (Ro=0 .4% )的煤岩及煤岩中的显微组分镜质组进行了从 2 5 0～ 5 5 0℃的热模拟实验 ,发现无论是煤岩还是镜质组 ,热模拟气体组分中氮主要在低温阶生成 ;3 0 0℃时达到最大 ;反映了煤岩在未成熟阶段 ,相当于Ro<0 .6% ,大量蛋白质发生水解作用而产生氨基酸 ,氨基酸很不稳定 ,在黏土矿物的作用下生成NH3,而NH3被进一步氧化生成氮。镜质组在 45 0℃时仍有少量氮的生成 ,由于部分含氮化合物在热催化作用下降低了氨基断裂所需的活化能而生成NH3,NH3在黏土矿物的作用下生成氮。因此 ,在煤岩热演化过程中从未成熟到成熟都有氮的生成 ,特别是未成熟阶段 ,从而为油气的勘探与开发提供科学依据

Thermal Simulation Experiment of Jurassic Coals in Talimu Basin-Geochemical Characteristics and Significance of Nitrogen

??Through the thermal simulation experiments of the low-matured (R_o=0.4%) Jurassic coals collected from Manjia'er Depression of Talimu Basin and their maceral-vitrinites at the temperatures ranging from 250 to 550??,it was found that the nitrogen was mainly released at low temperatures with a maximum generation rate at about 300?? for either coals or vitrinites in the experiments.In immature stage (R_o 0.6%),the amino acids may be generated from proteins by way of hydrolysis,then the NH₃ can be formed under the action of clay minerals because the amino acids are unstable,and then the nitrogen is produced at last through the NH₃'s being further oxidized.At 450??,a little nitrogen can be still generated from vitrinites,because partial nitrogenous compounds can reduce the activity energy needful for breaking amino-group to form NH₃ by thermocatalysis,then the NH₃ may change into nitrogen under the action of clay minerals.So the nitrogen can be successively generated from immature stage to mature stage,especially in the former,in the process of thermal evolution of coals,which provides scientific basis for oil and gas exploration and development.