港口起重机工作状态防风能力现状与对策

突发阵风是威胁港口起重机工作状态安全最严重的自然灾害,提高港口起重机工作状态防风能力和提高制动装置的可靠性意义非常重大.以具体的港口起重机为例,对其工作状态设计所需防风能力和配置的防风制动装置能力进行详细计算,研究大车制动器、夹轨器、轮边制动器设计防风能力与实际作用效果差异,得出港口起重机几种类型防风制动器的合理配置关系,以提高防风制动器的作用效果.同时,根据防风制动装置制动能力的实测数据及测试现象,分析防风制动器设计理论存在的局限性,找出港口起重机工作状态防风能力薄弱环节,给出提高和增强港口起重机工作状态防风能力对策.

Status of Harbor Cranes' Windproof Capability and Countermeasures

A fitful wind is the most serious natural calamity for harbor cranes.Therefore,it is very important to enhance the crane's windproof capability and to raise the locking device's reliability against hurricanes.In this paper harbor cranes are taken as specific examples.The crane's windproof capability needed according to the design and the locking device's capability for windproof are calculated carefully.The effect differences between windproof capability of carriages' stoppers,rail clamping devices,stoppers at the side of wheels,etc.and their real functions are investigated.Reasonable configuration relationship of different types of windproof locking devices is obtained so as to improve their effect.Simultaneously,based on the measured data and testing phenomenon of the device's capability,some limitations in design theory of the device are analyzed.Some weak links of the cranes when they are being operated are found out,and finally,countermeasures to enhance the crane's windproof capability are given.