全尾砂膏体流变学研究现状与展望（上）:概念、特性与模型

膏体充填为矿产资源的深部开采及可持续发展提供了安全、绿色、高效的技术保障,已成为矿业领域的研究热点和发展趋势之一。全尾砂膏体流变学是膏体充填全套工艺流程的重要理论基础,深刻影响着膏体充填技术的发展。本文从膏体的内涵出发,系统性地论述了膏体流变学研究的必要性、特殊性及复杂性。并以膏体流变实验结果为基础,分析了全尾砂膏体的典型流变特性及最新研究成果。总结了常用的屈服型非牛顿流体流变模型,并探讨了常用流变本构方程对膏体料浆的适用性,对其实际应用提出合理建议。同时对膏体流变特性的关键影响因素进行了概述。根据膏体流变学的研究现状,归纳总结并提出了膏体流变学研究的重点与难点,指出现阶段膏体流变学须从测试标准、本构方程、微观机理及工程应用等方面深入研究。 

Status and prospects of researches on rheology of paste backfill using unclassified-tailings (Part 1): concepts,characteristics and models

The cemented paste backfill (CPB) technology provides a safe, green and efficient access to deep underground mining and sustainable exploitation of mineral resources, and it has become one of the research focuses and development trends in the mining field. The CPB technology mainly includes four key processes, namely, the thickening of unclassified tailings, homogeneous mixing of multi-scale materials, pipeline transportation of fresh CPB, and its consolidation in the mined-out underground stopes. As a relatively new material that is comprised of various constituents, typically the tailings, cement, and water, as well as a high solid concentration, CPB tends to show complicated behaviors under the effects of surroundings. Therefore, understanding CPB behaviors is of practical significance for the development of the technology, since knowledge of CPB behavior is essential in the preliminary backfill system design and operation. It has been pointed out that the use of solid-liquid two-phase flows shows some limitations for the paste. In comparison, the rheology which targets on the flow and deformation of the paste under the influence of external shearing can provide a theoretical basis for the whole processes of paste backfill technology and deeply affect its development. Based on the characteristics of the paste materials, the necessity, particularity and complexity of the research on paste rheology were systematically discussed. Typical rheological properties of paste and the latest achievements were analyzed with the summarized results from rheological experiments. The commonly used rheological models of yielding non-Newtonian fluids were reviewed, and the applicability of corresponding constitutive equations to paste slurry was discussed with reasonable suggestions provided for its practical application. Meanwhile, the key influence factors of paste rheological properties were summarized. According to the research status, the priorities and difficulties of research on paste rheology were summarized and proposed, with emphases on test standards, constitutive equations, microscopic mechanisms and engineering applications.