处理含油污泥和钻屑的一种高效广谱除油剂

含油固体废弃物对井场环境会造成严重污染，而常规除油剂往往专用性较强，通用性能需加强。针对含油钻屑和含油污泥的污染特性，通过分子结构设计，研制了能同时处理含油钻屑和含油污泥的新型高效广谱除油剂——四聚丙烯基丙基醚硫酸钠。通过红外光谱、质谱等分析手段对除油剂进行了结构表征；表面张力和润湿性分析表明其具有很高的表面活性，并分别优化了含油钻屑和含油污泥最佳除油条件。结果表明，含油钻屑的最佳除油条件为1 000 mg/L除油剂、温度为50℃，离心速度为4 000 r/min，离心时间为10 min ；含油污泥的最佳除油条件为2 000 mg/L除油剂、温度为50℃，离心速度为4 000 r/min，离心时间为10 min ；除油率测试结果表明，该除油剂可同时高效处理含油钻屑和含油污泥，除油率均可达90%以上，实现了新型除油剂高效广谱除油效果。 

A High Performance Broad-spectrum Oil Remover with Capability of Disposing of Both Oil-bearing Drill

Oil-bearing waste drill solids bring about serious pollution to the environment around the well site. Oils on drilled solids are generally removed with specially designed oil removers which have limited versatility. Based on the pollution characteristics of oil-bearing drilled cuttings and oil-bearing sludge, a new high performance broad-spectrum oil remover has been developed through molecular structure design. The new oil remover is capable of disposing of both oil-bearing drill cuttings and oil-bearing sludge. The structure of the new oil remover has been characterized with IR spectrum and mass spectrum etc. Surface tension and wettability measurement indicated that the new oil remover is highly surface active. The optimum conditions for oil-bearing drill cuttings disposal are:oil remover concentration at 1 000 mg/L, temperature at 50℃, centrifugal speed at 4 000 r/min, and centrifugal rotation time for 10 min. The optimum conditions for oil-bearing sludge disposal are:oil remover concentration at 2 000 mg/L, temperature at 50℃, centrifugal speed at 4 000 r/min, centrifugal rotation time for 10 min. Oil removing test showed that 90% of oils contained on drill cuttings or sludgecan be removed with the new oil remover, realizing oil removing with one broad-spectrum oil remover.