浅论中国古代城市规划的“三个传统”

中国古代城市规划的参与者众多,但影响城市规划实践的主要机制可概括为三:一为官方法令制度对地方城市规划的控制与引导,即“官方传统”;二为民间流行的规划理论、方法技艺对具体规划的支撑,即“民间传统”;三为士人群体对前述两种机制的协调、决策与补充,即“士人传统”.基于地方志文献和地方城市案例研究,分别阐述三个传统的内涵及特点;总结其分工与合作;最后略论其与当代城市规划的关联与传承.

A PRELIMINARY STUDY ON THE THREE TRADITIONS OF CITY PLANNING IN ANCIENT CHINA

Although various groups have participated in the city planning practices in ancient China,the main planning mechanism can be summarized as follows:first,the official control and guidance of city planning through laws and regulations,namely "official tradition";second,the popular planning theories and building techniques that supported the small planning practices,namely "folk tradition";third,the coordination,decision-making,and supplement to the above two provided by the ancient intellectuals,namely "intellectual tradition".Based on extensive studies on ancient local chronicles and city planning cases,this paper examines the features and meanings of each tradition respectively,explains their division and corporation in the planning system from multiple perspectives,and briefly discusses their inheritance in the contemporary planning system.