爆炸型烟幕弹遮蔽效能仿真研究

传统的烟幕仿真方法通常使用假定风场均匀稳定的高斯模型或者拉赫特曼扩散理论，这些方法忽略了实际大气边界层复杂多变的特点。为了解决这一问题，建立一个基于计算流体力学（CFD）方法的爆炸型烟幕弹遮蔽效能仿真模型。运用拉格朗日方法，基于在椭球体内均匀生成随机粒子的方法构建初始云团。分析烟剂燃烧放热对初始云团的热力效应，结合CFD方法和离散相模型对烟幕粒子的扩散进行模拟，得到烟幕质量浓度的时空分布。通过计算面密度得到烟幕对可见光的有效遮蔽区域。效能仿真结果与试验结果和拉赫特曼模式结果对比，证明了该模型的有效性，表明烟幕弹遮蔽效能仿真模型在爆炸型烟幕弹的前期扩散阶段较好地反映了烟幕形状及长度、高度的变化规律。

Simulation Study of Screening Efficiency of Explosive Smoke Bomb

Gauss model or Rachtman diffusion theory that assumes uniform and stable wind field is usually involved in traditional methods of smoke simulation. However, these methods neglect the complex characteristics of the actual atmosphere. To solve this problem, a screening efficiency simulation model for smoke bomb is established based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD) in this paper. The model uses Lagrange method to construct the initial smoke cloud by randomly generating particles. The thermal effect of combustion heat release is analyzed, and the dispersion of smoke is simulated to obtain the temporal and spatial distribution of smoke mass concentration based on CFD method and discrete phase model. Furthermore, the effective shading region of smoke to visible light is obtained by means of calculation of smoke surface density. Lastly, compared with the experimental and Rachtman model results, the validity of the model is confirmed. It is shown that the proposed model well reflects the variation of smoke shape, length and height in the early diffusion stage of explosive smoke bomb. Key