红麻芯基多孔吸油材料的制备及性能

红麻芯(KC)预处理后通过高速剪切分散形成水分散体系,经冷冻干燥,得到了红麻芯基多孔吸油材料(A-KC),再经甲基三甲氧基硅烷(MTMS)疏水化改性制备了具有多孔结构的吸油材料(MA-KC)。用SEM、FTIR、XRD、BET对材料的微观形貌、化学结构、热稳定性及孔隙结构进行了表征。结果显示:吸油材料具有超疏水特性(水接触角152?),材料密度仅为0.019 g/cm3,可漂浮于水体表面实现对油品及有机溶剂的快速吸附。考察了红麻芯粒径、碱浓度和悬浮液固含量等对多孔材料吸油性能的影响。结果表明:当红麻芯粒径为20~40目、Na OH和KC的质量浓度分别为40和10 g/L,m(MTMS)∶m(A-KC)=1∶10时,所得材料的吸油性能最佳,对二甲基亚砜(DMSO)、四氯化碳、柴油、原油等有机溶剂和油品的吸附倍率达20~45 g/g,并在30 s内迅速达到吸附饱和状态。

Preparation and Properties of Porous Oil Absorption Materials Based on Kenaf Core

Oil adsorption materials with hierarchical pores were successfully synthesized using agriculture solid wastes kenaf core (KC) as precursors. Typically, the base materials were firstly pretreated by high shear dispersion and then freeze-dried and subsequently modified by MTMS. The as-prepared samples were further characterized by a series of techniques including SEM, FTIR, XRD and BET etc. to determine the morphology structure, physicochemical properties and thermal stability. The obtained materials possessed promising super-hydrophilic feature with a density of 0.019g/cm3 which enabled it float on the water surface and was favorable for the rapid adsorption of oil and organic solvent. Additionally, the influence of kenaf core sizes, basicity and solid concentration in suspension were deeply investigated. Herein, the experimental results indicated that the optimal adsorption conditions for oil were as following: particle sizes of kenaf core (20-40mesh), 40g/L NaOH and 10g/L KC. Interestingly, the materials could adsorb as many as 20-45 times of its own mass for DMSO, CCl4, diesel and crude oil etc within 30s. This might shed light on the development of novel adsorbent.