补贴视角的城市交通发展导向性分析

政府和社会在城市交通发展中的导向性非常重要。文章从补贴这一独特的视角出发,试图论证当前政府对不同交通方式的补贴差异。从运营环节和基础设施建设两个角度,分别测算和对比对公交和小汽车的补贴,最后得出结论:目前全社会对小汽车的补贴远高于公交,与公交导向的城市交通发展方向相悖,并使市民的出行方式更偏向小汽车。最后,指出需去福利化和形成市场主导的停车建设和收费机制,并用补贴和税费的"正负效应"促使形成公交导向的城市交通发展模式。

Analysis of Urban Transportation Development Orientation from the Perspective of Subsidies

The guidance on urban transportation development from governments and societyis extremely important. This paper attempts to demonstrate the differences between varioustravel modes from the exclusive prospective of subsidies. After reckoning subsidies for publictransport and cars in the aspects of operation process and infrastructure construction, it getsthe following result: the current fact that much more subsidies are given to cars instead ofpublic transport would affect residents'' choices of travel modes. Three suggestions are given atlast. Firstly, the subsidies for cars should be decreased and even eliminated. Secondly, marketorientedparking charge method should be implemented. Thirdly, decision makers shouldfacilitate the formulation of public transport oriented urban transportation development modeby both positive and negative efforts (i.e., subsidies and taxes).