Preparation and optical properties of sol–gel derived organic–inorganic hybrid waveguide films doped with disperse red 1 azoaromatic chromophores |
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Authors: | Min Sun Wenxiu Que X. Hu |
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Affiliation: | aElectronic Materials Research Laboratory, School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China;bSchool of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore |
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Abstract: | We report here on TiO2/organically modified silane (ormosil) organic–inorganic hybrid waveguide films doped with disperse red 1 (DR1) azoaromatic chromophores and derived by a low-temperature sol–gel process for photonic applications. Acid-catalyzed solutions of γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane and methyltrimethoxysilane mixed with tetrabutyl titanate are used as matrix precursor for the hybrid films. Third-order nonlinear and photo-responsive properties of the hybrid films are studied by using a z-scan technique and a UV–vis absorption spectroscopy. Results indicate that the hybrid films have a large third-order nonlinear susceptibility and an obvious trans-to-cis photoisomerization under UV light irradiation. The planar waveguide and structural properties of the hybrid films are also characterized by a prism coupling technique, thermal gravimetric analysis, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. These results indicate that the as-prepared hybrid films are promising candidates for integrated optics and photonic applications, which allow directly integrating on the same chip waveguide devices with the functionalized devices. |
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Keywords: | Sol– gel process Hybrid film Disperse red 1 Third-order nonlinear Photo-responsive |
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