纳米材料在重金属及有机物废水处理中的应用

纳米材料比表面积大、表面自由能高等特性决定了其良好的吸附性能，将其作为吸附剂用于各类废水处理现已成为科研人员研究的重点。在查阅了大量国内外文献的基础上，对近些年来应用于废水处理方面的新兴纳米复合材料进行整理，着重介绍了碳纳米材料、纳米TiO2光催化材料、纳米复合滤膜等材料的制备方法，吸附-脱附特性及吸附机理等内容。对比传统吸附材料发现纳米吸附材料对废水的处理效果明显优于传统吸附材料，但在实际应用中仍面临着生产成本高、处理效果不稳定等难题。因此，开展纳米吸附材料的研发和吸附机理研究，为高效、低成本处理各类废水提供理论依据。

Application of nano adsorbent in wastewater treatment of heavy metals and organic matter

Nanomaterials have large specific surface area and high surface free energy, which determines their good adsorption properties. As an adsorbent used in various kinds of wastewater treatment, nanomaterials has become the research focus. On the basis of reviewing a large amount of domestic and foreign literature, the emerging nanocomposites applied in the wastewater treatment in recent years were reviewed. The preparation methods, adsorption desorption characteristics and adsorption mechanism of carbon nanomaterials, nano TiO2 photocatalytic materials, nanocomposite filters and other materials were emphatically introduced. Compared with the traditional adsorbent materials, it was found that the effect of nano adsorbent on the treatment of wastewater was obviously better than that of traditional adsorbent materials. However, in the practical applications, it still faced such problems as high production cost and unstable treatment effect. Therefore, carrying out the nano adsorption materials development and adsorption mechanism study could provide a theoretical basis for efficient and low cost treatment of various types of wastewater.