川西南高海拔烟区土壤微量元素空间分布特征及影响因素

研究土壤微量元素丰缺程度及其影响因素可为烟区微肥的合理施用提供科学指导。基于227个样点数据，采用相关分析、回归分析和地统计学方法分析了川西南高海拔烟区土壤铁、锰、铜、锌和钼5种微量元素有效态含量的空间分布特征及影响因素。结果表明，研究区土壤有效钼含量有19.6%的样点处于缺乏或极缺乏水平，其余4种元素含量均处于丰富或极丰富水平。各元素块金效应在22.4%~50.0%，具有强烈或中等空间自相关性。土壤有效钼表现为西北高、东南低的分布趋势，其余4种微量元素含量均呈现出西北低、东南高的分布格局。有机质、CEC、碱解氮及有效磷钾对5种元素空间变异的解释能力较强，土壤类型、海拔的影响程度较弱，前茬作物对铁、锰、铜和钼含量影响显著。因此，研究区应结合各元素的空间分布特征及前茬作物，减少有效铁、锰、铜和锌等微量元素肥料的投入，同时适量适地增施钼肥。

Spatial Distribution and Influencing Factors of Soil Available Microelements in High Altitude Tobacco Planting Areas in Southwest Sichuan

In order to provide scientific guidance for rational application of micro-fertilizers in tobacco areas, it is necessary to study the degree of soil trace element abundance and its influencing factors. Based on 227 sample data, the spatial distribution characteristics and influencing factors of 5 trace elements, Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn and Mo, were analyzed by correlation analysis, regression analysis and Geostatistics methods. The results showed that 19.6% of the samples of soil from the studied areas were Mo deficient or extremely deficient, and the remaining 4 elements were at rich or extremely rich levels. The ratio of nugget effect was between 22.4%-50.0%, with strong or moderate spatial autocorrelation. The available molybdenum in soil showed a trend of high in northwest and low in southeast, and the other four trace elements showed a pattern of low in northwest and high in southeast. Organic matter, CEC, available nitrogen and available phosphorus and potassium had stronger effects on the spatial variability of the five elements, and soil type and elevation had a weaker influence. The previous crop had a significant effect on iron, manganese, copper and molybdenum content. Therefore, the researched areas should combine the spatial distribution characteristics of each element and the previous crop, reduce fertilizer input of effective iron, manganese, copper and zinc and other trace elements, and at the same time increase the amount of molybdenum fertilizer.