城市水系建设的环境重塑

为适应城市发展对水系的多功能需求,特别是对生态环境功能的需求,我国城市水系治理已开始从单纯的河道治理到水环境综合治理的转变。实现这种转变,需要相应的理论支撑,也需要在实践上进行积极的探索。本文从概念上阐述了广义水环境的内涵,分析了城市水系流动缓慢、水体交换性能差、水体自净能力弱等特点。结合我国城市化进程的主要水环境问题,指出在水系建设中重视水环境在生态、景观、文化等方面的作用对支撑城市发展的意义,并讨论了在水系建设重塑环境功能时应考虑的自然性、多样性、连续性和系统性原则。

Environment rebuilding in urban water system development

To meet the demands of developing water system's multi-functions in urban areas, especially the ecological environment function, the urban water system building in China has been changing from a simple mode of river harnessing to an integrated mode of regulating water environment. Fundamental theory and active practice are necessary to support this kind of change. The authors introduced an extended concept of water environment and analyzed the basic characteristics of urban water system, such as low flow velocity, poor exchange process and weak self-purification. In view of major water problems during urbanization in China, the authors discussed the significance of water environment for urban development from the aspects of ecology, landscape and culture, and put forward several primary principles, such as naturalness, diversity, sustainability and systematicness for urban water system restoration.