外送盒饭食品卫生监督量化分级管理分析

为加强外送盒饭的卫生管理，苏州市自2000年以来开展了食品卫生量化监督分级和限量加工的管理。管理的评价指标包括建筑布局、卫生设施、卫生管理3大类75项，基本包括了卫生部2002年发布的《食品卫生监督量化分级管理指南》中餐饮业卫生许可审查和经常性卫生监督评分表中的105个项目，并围绕卫生安全考虑了一些间接因素，如烹饪间燃具灶眼的多少，菜单与送货单的保留及留样48h等。还注重了指标的客观性和可操作性．尽量克服评分时主观因素的影响，如实际加工使用面积、分菜间空气细菌数，紫外线强度、照度直接现场测定，盒饭检测合格率则根据日常检测报告评分。通过对卫生分级管理3年前后评审结果的比较，发现2003年食品卫生整体水平明显提高，A级企业增加了18．3％，B级企业增加了7．4％，C级企业下降了5.8％，D级企业下降了19．7％；卫生综合评分平均得分提高14．9％。为保证卫生监督量化分级管理的深入开展，对卫生等级评分标准的科学性、可操作性和评审工作的程序性、公正性、效率性以及社会认可等方面进行了讨论。比较结果表明，食品卫生量化监督分级和限量加工的管理科学、公正、效率高，社会认可性强。

Effect of graded management on food hygienic situation of production enterprises supplying fast foods in Suzhou

Since 2000,nearly 100 production enterprises supplying fast foods in Suzhou have been graded (A,B,C,D) according to a scoring system. After 3 years, the average score in 2003 was 14.5% higher than that in 2000. The food hygiene situations including the layout of fast food processing fields, basic sanitary facilities and sanitary management have improved a lot. The number of enterprises in grade A and grade B increased but decreased in grade C and grade D. The results suggest that pursuing graded management of food hygiene is an effective measure to raise the food hygiene level of food production enterprises supplying fast foods. Influencing factors in the graded management of food hygiene are discussed and further suggestions are made.