考虑需求侧管理和碳交易的电-气互联网络分散式低碳经济调度

在能源互联网和低碳背景下,提出一种考虑需求侧管理(demand side management, DSM)和碳交易的电-气互联网络分散式低碳经济调度模型。首先,根据碳交易市场的实际情况建立阶梯型碳交易机制,并利用电转气(power to gas, P2G)的低碳特性,得到P2G参与碳交易市场的激励机制;其次,由现有DSM的机理与实现方式,在负荷侧考虑不同的DSM来最大化地协调网络的低碳性与经济性;然后,根据所建模型的非凸特性,对气网潮流进行二阶锥松弛且采用连续锥规划算法对松弛间隙进行检验,逐步缩小气潮流的仿真误差,保证松弛的严格性。为了满足不同决策主体的分散自治权与信息私密性,在上述基础上建立分散式优化模型并引入基于嵌套连续锥规划的同步交替方向乘子法(synchronous-alternating direction method of multipliers, S-ADMM)进行求解;最后,通过算例仿真对不同场景下网络的调度结果及不同的调度策略下的运行结果进行比较分析。结果表明,在阶梯型碳交易机制下,虽然总碳交易成本增加了0.02%,但碳排量、运行成本分别减少了4.53%和3.74%;DSM参与到所提模型中使碳排量、弃风量分别降低了9.87%和75.4%,进而有效地提升了电-气互联网络的低碳经济性。

Decentralized Low-carbon Economic Dispatch of Electricity-gas Network in Consideration of Demand-side Management and Carbon Trading

Under the background of energy internet and low carbon, a decentralized low-carbon economic dispatch model of electricity-gas interconnected network in which demand side management(DSM) and carbon trading are taken into consideration is proposed. Firstly, according to the actual situation of the carbon trading market, a step-type carbon trading mechanism is established, and the low-carbon characteristics of power to gas(P2 G) are used to obtain the incentive mechanism for P2 G to participate in the carbon trading market. Secondly, according to the existing DSM mechanism and implementation mode, the DSM is considered on the load side to maximize the coordination of network’s low carbon and economic performance. Then, according to the non-convexity of the built model, the second-order cone relaxation of the gas network flow is performed and the continuous gap programming iterative algorithm is used to check its relaxation gap. The gradual reduction of the simulation error of the gas flow ensures the strictness of relaxation. In order to meet the decentralized autonomy and information privacy of different decision making subjects, a decentralized optimization model is built on the above basis and a synchronous alternating direction multiplier method(S-ADMM) is introduced to perform and iteratively solve the continuous cone programming algorithm. Finally, the simulation results of the system under different scenarios are analyzed and compared with the running results under different scheduling strategies. The results show that, under the tiered carbon trading mechanism, although the total carbon trading cost has increased by 0.02%, the carbon emissions and operating costs have reduced by 4.53% and 3.74%, respectively.The participation of DSM in the proposed model can reduce carbon emissions and wind curtailment by 9.87% and 75.4%, respectively.Therefore, the low-carbon economy of the electricity-gas interconnection network can be effectively improved.