Efficient waste-to-energy system as a contribution to clean technologies |
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Authors: | Martin Pavlas Michal Tou? |
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Affiliation: | (1) Institute of Process and Environmental Engineering, Brno University of Technology, UPEI VUT Brno, Technická 2, 616 69 Brno, Czech Republic |
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Abstract: | This paper deals with the problem of efficient energy utilization in the field of thermal processing of waste (waste-to-energy).
An up-to-date incineration plant cannot be considered as only waste disposal facility. The waste combustion (incineration)
processes are accompanied by release of large amount of energy, that shall be effectively utilized (e.g. steam production
and its export to consumers, power generation, cogeneration). In addition to the main purpose of incineration, i.e. treating
the specified amount of waste, waste-to-energy systems are able to some extent substitute conventional energy production plants
fired by fossil fuel and thus to contribute to solving global environmental problems. For example, methodology presented in
Reference Document on the Best Available Techniques for Waste Incineration (BREF) can be used for assessment of plant performance
from the view of energy utilization. This approach is based on evaluation of criterion Plant Efficiency. An existing incineration
plant has been evaluated and results are presented and discussed. In the future, it has been expected that evaluation like
this will be obligatory for every plant. The arrival of more and more sweeping environmental limits represents a driving force
for retrofit. At the same time maximum heat recovery and efficient energy utilization should be required. Influence of different
operational modes (type of waste incinerated, combustion temperature, air-preheating etc.) and lay-out of heat recovery system
(e.g. cogeneration) on plant performance has been investigated. A mathematical model based on combination of basic auxiliary
operations and simple thermodynamic models of heat engines has been created with the aid of a specific computational tool.
Its conception is based on both requirements and experience coming from industry. The most serious problem of effectively
running incineration plants consists in economical utilization of energy produced. Examples of integration into existing energy
systems are shown and discussed.
An erratum to this article can be found at |
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Keywords: | Waste processing Incineration Energy recovery Waste to energy |
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