人造海床(ABS)技术

随着世界各国对资源需求的增加及陆上和海上浅水区油气发现难度的增大,促使石油界不断加大对深水区的勘探。但高昂的作业成本和设备要求,尤其是深水钻井船数量有限等诸多因素也制约了深水油田勘探开发。鉴于此,挪威技术开发公司Atlantis Deepwater Technology Holding(ATDH)提出一种全新的深水观念——人造海床ABS(Artifical Buoyant Seabed)技术。该技术应用浮筒浮力原理人工提高海床,实现了浅水设备在深水勘探和开发中的应用,从而大幅度地降低作业成本,便于有效地维修井口和开发边际小油田,同时避免了浅层气和泥线处低温高压对海底设备影响等安全问题,缓解了深水勘探开发与钻井船数量有限的矛盾。文中简要介绍人造海床技术的观念、应用、优点及施工工艺等,该技术有望在中国南海得到很好的应用和发展。

Brief introduction of artificial buoyant seabed technology

The petroleum industry worldwide is urged to continuously increase the exploration in deepwater areas as all the nations in the world demand for more and more oil and gas resources and it is getting more and more difficult to discover oil and gas on shore and offshore shallow water areas. However, the exploration and development of deepwater oilfields are restricted due to the expensive operation cost and high requirement for facilities, especially the insufficient deepwater drilling vessels. So the Atlantis Deepwater Technology Holding (ATDH) Company puts forward a new concept-ABS (artificial buoyant seabed) technology, which makes the seabed rise up artificially on the basis of the buoyancy principle of pontoons and helps realize the application of shallow water facilities to deep water exploration and development. As a result, it helps reduce the operation cost considerably, effectively maintaining the wellhead and developing margin oilfields, avoiding the negative effect of the shallow gas and the low temperature and high pressure of mud-lines on the subsea facilities, and alleviating the conflict between the limited number of deepwater drilling vessels and deepwater exploration and development. What's more, this paper briefly introduces the concept, application, advantages, and operation of ABS technology, which is expected to be better applied and improved in the South China Sea.