基于GIS的昆明主城区排水系统诊断研究

昆明主城区地处滇池流域北岸滨湖上游区域,污染负荷比重大,占流域污染负荷总量的约80%,目前昆明主城区二环路内区域为合流制排水系统,二环路外为分流制排水系统,在雨季雨、污合流污水溢流污染问题严重.在昆明市地下管线探测工作的基础上,对排水管网数据进行空间信息和属性信息处理,建立污染源与排水系统的拓扑关系,构建排水片区--子排水片区--排水单元结构网络.统计分析结果表明,昆明主城区的现状污水收集率约为81%;污水处理厂处理能力有限,在雨季大量合流污水不经处理而直接溢流排入河道,并汇入滇池.通过对典型排水区域船房河排水片区--第一污水处理厂纳污区域进行排水系统详查和污水产生--收集--处理全过程分析,确定依托沟渠主干的排水系统地下水渗入量约占系统收集总水量的35%,此截流式合流制与不完全分流制相结合的典型排水片区旱季污水收集率约为60%,在雨季典型降雨条件下,合流污水溢流率约为90%.此研究成果为昆明主城区排水系统的改造和污水处理厂的规划建设提供了一定依据,也为全面开展排水系统诊断工作奠定了基础.

Research on Diagnosis of Drainage System in Main Urban Area of Kunming Based on GIS Technology

Kunming City is located in the upstream of Dianchi Lake,from which 80% of total pollution load in the lake basin is discharged.Combined sewer system is used inside the second ring road,separate sewer system is used outside it,and the overflow pollution in the rain season is significant.Based on the underground pipeline detection,spatial and attribute information of sewer data was treated,the topological relation between pollution source and sewer system was built,and the framework of drainage catchment,subc...