油茶壳微孔活性炭的制备及表征

以油茶壳为原料，经炭化、KOH活化，制备微孔活性炭。考查了活化温度、活化时间和碱炭比对微孔活性炭碘吸附值和产率的影响，并采用正交试验优化了制备条件。研究结果表明：活化温度800℃、活化时间180 min、碱炭质量比3.5：1时，活性炭的碘吸附值达3 221 mg/g，产率51.2%。采用比表面积孔隙分析仪测定了氮气吸附/脱附等温线，计算得BET比表面积为1 755.72 m²/g，平均孔径为2.15 nm，总孔容为0.328 cm³/g，微孔孔容占总孔容的55.8%；SEM分析可见活性炭表面具有大量孔隙结构；FT-IR分析表明活化促进了—CH₃、—OH热解，活性炭中仍保存含氧官能团。

Preparation and Characteristics of Micropore Activated Carbon from Camellia oleifera Shell

Micropore activated carbon was prepared from Camellia oleifera shell by carbonization and KOH activation. The influences of activation temperature, activation time and alkali-carbon ratio on the adsorption iodine value and yield of micropore activated carbon were investigated, and the preparation conditions were optimized by orthogonal test. The results showed that micropore activated carbon with the optimal adsorption iodine value were prepared under activation temperature 800 ℃, activation time 180 min and alkali-carbon ratio 3.5:1. The adsorption iodine value and yield of micropore activated carbon obtained under the optimized conditions were 3 221 mg/g and 51.2%, respectively. The adsorption and desorption isotherms of nitrogen were determined by specific surface area and pore analyzer. The specific surface area calculated by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller(BET) method was 1 755.72 m²/g, and the average pore size and total pore volume were 2.15 nm and 0.328 cm³/g, respectively. Micropore volume accounted for 55.8% of total pore volume. SEM analysis showed that there were a lot of pore structures on the surface of activated carbon. FT-IR analysis showed that the activation process promoted the pyrolysis of —CH₃ and —OH, and the oxygen-containing functional groups were preserved in the activated carbon.