国内外食品中铅限量标准现状与趋势研究

目的探讨我国食品中铅限量标准与国际接轨的程度,为我国食品中污染物限量标准完善提供参考。方法从标准涉及的食品类别和限量值两个方面来对比我国铅限量标准与国际食品法典委员会、欧盟、澳新制定的铅限量标准的异同。结果考虑到国际风险评估结果,我国基本对铅膳食暴露有贡献的食品都设置了限量值要求,因此我国标准涉及的食品种类要多于国际食品法典委员会、欧盟及澳新标准。但仍有个别食品的限量值较国际标准或其他国家标准宽松。结论建议加强对铅污染源头的治理,开展全国食品中铅污染情况的调研工作,为我国标准逐步完善打基础。

Study on current situation and development trends of domestic and foreign lead maximum level standards in food

Objective To explore the extent of coincidence for lead concentration limits in food between China and Codex Alimentarius Commission (CAC) and provide evidence and reference for improving the Maximum Levels (MLs) of Contaminants in Foods. Method Food categories and concentration limits for lead in China were compared with those of CAC, European Union, Australia and New Zealand. Results Considering the international risk assessment result of lead, China almost set MLs for all the food that possibly contributes to the dietary exposure of lead, so the food categories for lead in China were more than those in CAC, the European Union and Australia and New Zealand standards. However, some MLs of lead in China are still looser than those in CAC or other countries. Conclusion The measures to control major contributing sources of lead in food and the comprehensive national survey of lead contamination in food should be taken, in order to lay the foundation for further improvement of the food contaminants standard in China.