Eicosapentaenoic acid enhances nitric oxide production by cultured human endothelial cells

Flt-1, a tyrosine kinase receptor for vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), plays important roles in the angiogenesis required for embryogenesis and in monocyte/macrophage migration. However, the signal transduction of Flt-1 is poorly understood due to its very weak tyrosine kinase activity. Therefore, we overexpressed Flt-1 in insect cells using the Baculovirus system in order to examine for autophosphorylation sites and association with adapter molecules such as phospholipase Cgamma-1 (PLCgamma). Tyr-1169 and Tyr-1213 on Flt-1 were found to be auto-phosphorylated, but only a phenylalanine mutant of Tyr-1169 strongly suppressed its association with PLCgamma. In Flt-1 overexpressing NIH3T3 cells, VEGF induced autophosphorylation of Flt-1, tyrosine-phosphorylation of PLCgamma and protein kinase C-dependent activation of MAP kinase. These results strongly suggest that Tyr-1169 on Flt-1 is a major binding site for PLCgamma and important for Flt-1 signal transduction within the cell.