银-硅藻土纳米复合材料合成及抑制稻谷霉变研究

本文通过带负电荷的银纳米粒子(Ag)和带正电荷的聚二烯丙基二甲基氯化铵硅藻土复合物(PDDA/Diatomite)相互之间层层自组装合成银-硅藻土(Ag/PDDA-Diatomite)纳米复合材料。在培养基条件下研究不同物料比的Ag/PDDA-Diatomite纳米复合材料,明确其对四种稻谷常见真菌的抑制效果,并做空白组和添加纯硅藻土(Diatomite)作为对照；在人工气调箱中进行稻谷模拟储藏实验,验证纳米复合材料的应用价值,稻谷水分15.6%,储藏温度为30℃,相对湿度恒定为60%,模拟储藏时间为5个月；并检测不同条件下的霉菌生长繁殖状况并进行鉴定；监测稻谷质量指标,检测蛋白质和游离脂肪酸含量变化,淀粉含量及糊化特性变化,并评价Ag的释放和在稻谷中的残留。结果表明Ag/PDDA-Diatomite纳米复合材料合成成功并在稻谷储藏过程中有效的抑制霉变,并维持稻谷的质量。

Study on Synthesis of Silver-Diatomite Nanocomposite and Inhibition of Paddy Mildew

The negatively charged silver nanoparticles (Ag) and the positively charged polydiallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride diatomite composite (PDDA/Diatomite) are self-assembled layer by layer to synthesize silver-Diatomite nanocomposites (Ag/PDDA-Diatomite). To clarify its inhibitory effect on four common rice fungi, Ag/PDDA-Diatomite nanocomposites with different concentrations was researched in culture medium. A simulated storage experiment was carried out to applicate the nanocomposite. The moisture of paddy was 15.6% and stored for 5 months at 30°C and 60% relative humidity. The fungi was monitored and identified. The quality indexes of paddy including protein, free fatty acid, amylose, and gelatinization characteristics was tested and compared. Ag release and residues in rice and rice bran was also evaluated. The Ag/PDDA-Diatomite nanocomposite was successfully synthesized and could effectively inhibit paddy mildew during storage. This application could maintain the quality of paddy.