膜分散技术及其强化反应过程的研究进展

膜分散技术以多孔膜材料为“芯片”，通过微纳米孔道将气相/液相反应物分散成大量微气泡/液滴，是实现物质快速混合和高效传质的重要手段。本文概述了膜分散技术的原理及特点，介绍了近年来膜分散技术在制备微纳米粉体材料和强化多相催化反应过程方面的研究进展。在膜分散强化微纳米粉体制备方面，重点阐述了膜微孔道分散混合机理以及膜分散法在制备高分子微球和无机纳米颗粒过程中的应用进展。在膜分散强化多相催化反应过程方面，回顾了与膜分散强化气液两相流过程相关的实验研究及理论计算工作，评述了影响气泡形成及传质特性的关键因素，随后介绍了膜分散技术强化多相催化反应过程的研究现状。在此基础上，提出了未来膜分散技术的研究方向。

Perspective on membrane dispersion technology and its enhanced reaction processes

Membrane dispersion has been reported as an emerging technology for realizing the rapid interphase mixing and mass transfer. Gas/liquid-phase reactant can be uniformly dispersed into another phase in microscale size through the micro/nano-pores of porous membranes. This review summarizes the principle and characteristics of membrane dispersion. The latest progress of membrane dispersion on the preparation of micro/nanostructured powders and the intensification of heterogeneous catalysis is introduced. In the aspect of the synthesis of micro/nanostructured powders by membrane dispersion, the mixing mechanism in membrane dispersion, as well as the applications in the preparation of polymer microspheres and inorganic nanoparticles, are described. For the heterogeneous catalytic reactions intensified by membrane dispersion, the works related to the experimental studies and theoretical calculation of gas-liquid two-phase flow intensified by membrane dispersion are reviewed. The key factors related to bubble formation and mass transfer characteristics are described, and the applications in intensifying the heterogeneous catalytic reactions are introduced. Furthermore, the future research directions of membrane dispersion are proposed.