季铵型改性壳聚糖的制备及其在兔毛织物抗菌整理中的应用

以三乙胺和环氧氯丙烷为原料，合成醚化剂3-氯-2-羟丙基三乙基氯化铵。以甲壳素为原料通过醚化反应合成了季铵型甲壳素（CCT），再经脱乙酰得到季铵型阳离子改性壳聚糖（CCTS）。采用红外光谱（FTIR）、核磁碳谱（¹³C NMR）对其化学结构进行了表征，运用黏度法和分光光度法测定了黏均分子量和溶解性等理化性能。采用最小抑菌法对CCTS的抗菌活性进行了测定，得到其对大肠杆菌的最低有效抑菌浓度（MIC）为0.2g/L，优于天然壳聚糖的MIC值。以柠檬酸为交联剂、次磷酸钠为催化剂，用CCTS对兔毛织物进行抑菌整理，考察织物经整理的抑菌效果和耐洗性。经5次洗涤后结果表明，CCTS对大肠杆菌的抑菌率达99.9%以上，抑菌率高于CCT和天然壳聚糖，是一种针对动物毛织物良好的天然高分子长效抑菌整理剂。

Preparation of quaternary ammonium modified chitosan and its application in antibacterial finishing of rabbit wool fabric

The etherification agent 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyltriethylammonium chloride was synthesized from triethylamine and epichlorohydrin. The quaternary ammonium type modified chitin (CCT) was synthesized by etherification reaction using chitin as raw material, and then deacetylated to obtain quaternary ammonium type cationic modified chitosan (CCTS). The chemical structure was characterized by FTIR and ¹³C NMR, and the physicochemical properties such as viscosity average molecular weight and solubility were measured by viscosity method and spectrophotometry. The antimicrobial activity of CCTS was determined by the minimal bacteriostatic method, and the minimum effective bacteriostatic concentration (MIC) of CCTS against Escherichia coli was 0.2g/L, which was better than the MIC value of natural chitosan. Using citric acid as crosslinking agent and sodium hypophosphite as catalyst, rabbit wool fabric was treated with CCTS to investigate its antibacterial effect and washing resistance. After 5 washes, the results showed that the antibacterial rate of CCTS against E. coli was above 99.9%, which was higher than that of CCT and natural chitosan. CCTS is a kind of natural macromolecule long - acting antibacterial finishing agent for animal wool fabric.