超疏水纳米海绵制备及其二甲苯吸附性能

利用聚氯乙烯（PVC）及疏水性气相纳米SiO₂颗粒建立了一种简易、快速的超疏水纳米海绵材料的制备方法，并在开展超疏水纳米海绵材料的表面基团分析（IR）、疏水性能测定、表面形貌（SEM）观察的基础上，探究其吸附性能及循环使用性能。为验证超疏水纳米海绵材料的工业应用性能，采用实验室搭载回收设备，对比考察了负载超疏水纳米海绵/未改性海绵/商用金属盘片对间二甲苯的回收性能。结果表明：改性后超疏水纳米海绵材料表面负载涂层整体均匀完整，涂层上接枝的纳米颗粒稳定致密，且表面粗糙度有明显提高。IR谱图中新增有O—Si—O的特征峰，充分证明疏水性SiO₂颗粒已负载在材料表面，使其表面疏水角可达150°，具有超疏水亲油特性。改性海绵材料间二甲苯吸附容量可达41.45g/g，且在循环500次后吸附容量仍能达到其初始值的93%，负载该海绵的回收设备则具有良好间二甲苯回收速率（152.83L/h）及效率（99%），运行58h后仍保持良好间二甲苯回收性能。

Preparation of superhydrophobic sponge and its adsorption performance for xylene

A simple and fast modification method was introduced to fabricate super-hydrophobic sponge material. Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and modified SiO₂ nanoparticles were applied to establish water-repellent coatings on the surface of nano-sponge. Surface group (infrared radiation), hydrophobic property and surface morphology (SEM) were studied. And the adsorption capacity and recycling performance for xylene of super-hydrophobic sponge were also investigated. In order to testify its industrial application performance for xylene adsorption, the recovery laboratory equipment loaded with modified sponge was manufactured. The results showed that the superhydrophobic coating on the surface of modified sponge was complete and uniform, and the surface roughness was significantly improved. In the IR spectrum of modified sponge, the characteristic peak of O—Si—O was emerged, which fully proved that the hydrophobic SiO₂ particle was loaded on the surface. Thus, the water contact angle of the modified sponge can be improved to 150°, which showed the super-hydrophobicity. The sorption capacity for xylene reached 41.45g/g, which can still achieve 93% after 500 cycles of absorption and desorption. The recovery device loaded with the sponge also had a good recovery rate (152.83L/h) and efficiency (99%) of m-xylene, and it remained satisfactory recovery performance even after 58h operation.