萃取塔数学模型及过程强化的若干研究进展

萃取塔因生产能力大、占地面积小、密闭性好等优点，在石油、化工、生物、医药和环境工程等多领域被广泛应用。本文从以下几个方面介绍了萃取塔近些年的研究进展：综述了传统萃取塔（脉冲萃取塔、转盘塔与Kühni塔等）的水力学、轴向扩散与传质模型的发展，分析比较了表面张力、传质方向、放大效应等因素对模型的影响；介绍了计算流体动力学（CFD）在萃取塔中单液滴、单相流模拟、液-液两相流模拟、外加能量模拟、与群体平衡模型（PBM）耦合模拟中的应用进展；介绍了国内外设计开发的新型萃取塔，包括改变传统塔的内构件和引入多种外场能量等方式来强化相间传质。研究表明，将先进实验研究方法、准确经验模型和可靠理论计算相结合，将会是萃取塔研究的重要手段和方向。

Progress of solvent extraction column model and process intensification

Solvent extraction columns are widely used in a range of industries including chemical, petrochemical, biological, pharmaceutical and environmental engineering due to its high-volume efficiency, small footprint, fine sealability and environmentally friendly features. This work reviews the progress of solvent extraction column from the following aspects: the model progress of hydrodynamic, axial dispersion and mass transfer for conventional extraction columns (pulsed extraction columns, rotating disc contactors and Kühni columns, etc.), and the effects of surface tension, mass transfer direction and scale-up on the models; the application of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to solvent extraction column including single droplet and single-phase simulation , the liquid-liquid two-phase simulation, energy input simulation and the population balance model (PBM) coupling with the CFD simulation; some novel extraction columns including the tradition columns with new internals and multiple-fields intensification for mass transfer enhancement. The combination of effective experimental method, accurate empirical model and robust theoretical calculation will become a reliable method and direction for the research of solvent extraction column.