低强度超声波对短程硝化污泥的影响

以周期性超声辐照的污泥为研究对象，在序批式反应器（SBR）中开展超声波对短程硝化效果的研究，并进一步研究超声波对酶活性、脱氮速率、胞外聚合物的影响。结果表明，0.1~0.7W/mL的超声波均可促进短程硝化，最高亚硝酸盐积累率（NAR）达98.21%。超声波通过强化氨单加氧酶（AMO）活性，抑制亚硝酸盐氧化酶（NXR）活性促进短程硝化，AMO活性最高同比增长63.84%，NXR活性最高下降89.03%。比脱氮速率、反应器脱氮速率并不完全与酶活性变化趋势一致，AOB关键酶活性仅与比氨氧化速率（SAOR）变化一致，而NOB关键酶活性与反应器亚硝酸盐氧化速率（NOR）一致，超声波引起的污泥减少对AOB菌群数量的负面影响大于NOB。周期性超声后，污泥EPS的总量随声能密度先增加后减少，超声波对LB-EPS的剥离大于TB-EPS，对多糖的剥离大于蛋白质，较高的声能密度会造成蛋白质的积累。

Effect of low-intensity ultrasonic on partial nitrification sludge

Taking activated sludge treated by periodic ultrasonic irradiation as the research object, the effect of ultrasonic on partial nitrification was studied in the sequencing batch reactor(SBR), and the effect on enzyme activity, nitrogen removal rate and extracellular polymer substance(EPS) was researched further. The results showed that partial nitrification could be promoted by ultrasonic which ranged in power density from 0.1 to 0.7W/mL, and the highest nitrite accumulation rate (NAR) reached 98.21%. Ultrasonic promoted partial nitrification by enhancing ammonia monohydrogenase (AMO) and suppressing nitrite oxidoreductase (NXR). The highest AMO activity increased by 63.84% and the NXR activity decreased by 89.03%. The specific nitrogen oxidation rate and reactor nitrogen oxidation rate were not completely consistent with the variation trend of enzyme activity. The key enzyme activity of AOB was only consistent with the variation trend of specific ammonia nitrogen oxidation rate (SAOR). The key enzyme activity of NOB and the reactor nitrite oxidation rate (NOR) were consistent, and the sludge reduction caused by ultrasound had more negative effect on the number of AOB bacteria than it had on NOB. After having periodic ultrasonication, the total amount of EPS increased first and then decreased with the power density. Ultrasonic detachment of LB-EPS was greater than it of TB-EPS, and the peeling of polysaccharide was greater than it of protein. Higher power density would cause protein accumulation.