生物质热化学液化技术研究进展

随着化石燃料可开采量的减少和人类对全球性环境问题的关注，生物质作为一种可再生能源，由于资源丰富，分布广泛，燃烧过程对环境的低污染性，CO2的净零排放等特性日益成为国内外众多学者研究的热点课题之一。生物质转化技术可分为生物法和热化学转化法，后者主要有气化、热解、高压液化及与煤共处理等工艺。其中生物质热化学液化由于比气化能得到更有价值的液体产物，操作温度比热解低，因而作为一项资源高效利用的新工艺日益受到重视。综述了近五年来生物质热化学液化技术方面的最新进展，提出了今后的研究动态与发展方向，并针对我国现状提出应采取的对策。

PROGRESS IN THERMOCHEMICAL LIQUEFACTION OF BIOMASS

The progress in the research field of thermochemical liquefaction of biomass in recent five years has been reviewed, and the future trends are also pointed out. Biomass, a renewable and potential resource in the 21st century, has two striking characteristics. Firstly, biomass is the only renewable organic resource, and is also one of the most abundant resources. Secondly, zeroem-ission of CO_2 can be reached in biomass conversion because biomass fixes CO_2 in the atmosphere by photosynthesis. In recent years, The effective utilization of biomass in the production of chemicals and fuels has been accepted considerable attention and is gaining support in the research community owing to environmental and economical considerations. The process of biomass conversion can be divided as biochemical process and thermochemical method that can be sub-divided into gasification, pyrolysis, liquefaction and co-liquefaction with coal, etc.. Thermochemical liquefaction of biomass is one of the most common and convenient routes for conversion into energy for its high valued liquid products and relatively low temperature compared with gasification.