四川引种安吉白茶主要生化成分分析

研究四川邛崃县、洪雅县和高县引种的浙江特异茶树品种安吉白茶的主要生化成分含量。结果表明:四川茶区种植的安吉白茶氨基酸含量丰富,氨基酸总量为(69.70±2.43)～(82.66±8.07)mg/g,20种游离氨基酸总量为(60.43±4.45)～(77.75±18.88)mg/g;其中,茶氨酸含量为(25.91±0.20)～(37.31±0.63)mg/g,占20种游离氨基酸总量的40.28%～54.98%。儿茶素总量为(4.97±0.16)%～(7.37±0.08)%;茶多酚、咖啡碱、水浸出物含量分别为(14.22±0.37)%～(23.78±0.47)%、(2.87±0.02)%～(3.30±0.13)%、(42.30±3.65)%～(47.82±3.91)%。与安吉白茶原产地及其他引种地区对安吉白茶的生化分析结果进行比较,四川引种的安吉白茶其氨基酸含量高于原产地种植的安吉白茶,茶多酚、咖啡碱含量与原产地相当,儿茶素较原产地低,比原产地降低48.9%～60.6%。因此,四川引种安吉白茶能够保持氨基酸含量高、酚氨比低的优良特性,其生化特性为其优良制茶品质的形成奠定了良好的物质基础。

Major Biochemical Components in Introduced Anji Baicha Tea in Sichuan

The major biochemical components in Anji Baicha,a specific species of tea introduced in Qionglai County,Hongya County and Gao County in Sichuan from Zhejiang were analyzed.The results showed that Anji Baicha grown in Sichuan was rich in amino acids with total content of(69.70± 2.43)-(82.66 ± 8.07) mg/g.The total content of 20 kinds of free amino acids was(60.43 ± 4.45)-(77.75 ± 18.88) mg/g,and the content of theanine was(25.91 ± 0.20)-(37.31 ± 0.63) mg/g,accounting for 40.28%-54.98% of the total free amino acids.The total amount of catechins was(4.97 ± 0.16)%-(7.37 ± 0.08)%,and the contents of polyphenols,caffeine and water extract were(14.22 ± 0.37)%-(23.78 ± 0.47)%,(2.87 ± 0.02)%-(3.30 ± 0.13)% and(42.30 ± 3.65)%-(47.82 ± 3.91)%,respectively.Compared to its original growing region,the total content of amino acids in Anji Baicha grown in Sichuan was higher,and the contents of polyphenols and caffeine revealed similar levels.However,catechin revealed a reduction by 48.9%-60.6%.Therefore,the excellent characteristics of high amino acid content and low IP/AA ratio in Anji Baicha grown in Sichuan were well maintained.These biochemical characteristics will provide a theoretical reference for future studies on quality improvement.