我国煤矿安全生产70年经验成效、形势分析及展望

从经济社会和煤炭行业发展视角,系统全面地阐述了新中国成立70年来我国煤矿安全生产发展历程和取得的经验成效,分析当前我国煤矿安全生产面临的形势和存在的问题,并基于此对新时代煤矿安全生产工作进行了展望。研究结果表明,我国煤矿安全生产总体上经历了低位运行、异常高峰、持续恶化、高位波动和稳定下降5个时期,所取得的历史性成就主要得益于体制机制的日趋完善、法律法规的逐步健全、产业结构的持续优化、灾害治理的深入推进、科技装备的快速发展和安全基础的不断夯实。运用数据对比等方式分析了我国煤矿灾害、宏观经济、违法违规行为、小煤矿淘汰退出、从业人员素质、煤矿安全监管等方面存在的深层次问题;得出我国煤矿安全生产形势仍然严峻,新时代煤矿安全生产工作应以全面推进煤矿安全治理体系和治理能力现代化为总抓手的结论。

70 years'experience,effect,situation analysis and prospect of coal mine safety production in China

From the perspectives of socio-economic development and coal industry development,this paper systematically elaborated the development history,experience and effect of the coal mine work safety in China in the past 70 years since the founding of the People's Republic of China,and analyzed the current situation and existing problems of coal mine production safety in China,and on the basis,the coal mine safety work in the new era was prospected.The research results showed that there were five periods in the developing process for coal mine safety in China,including low-level period,abnormal peaking period,continuous deteriorating period,high-level fluctuating period and steadily declining period,and the historic achievements were mainly due to the system and mechanism getting better,the gradual improvement of laws and regulations,the continuous optimization of the industrial structure,the further advancement of disaster management,the rapid development on science,technologies and equipment,and the continuous consolidation of the work safety foundation.By approaches such as data comparison,this paper analyzed the deep-seated problems regarding to coal mine disasters,macro-economy,illegal behavior,elimination and withdrawal of small coal mines,capabilities of the workforce,coal mine safety supervision,and it concluded that the situation of coal mine safety in China was still severe,and the work of coal mine safety production in the new era should rely on comprehensively promoting the modernization of the governing system and capacity of coal mine safety.