陕北地区地下水源与矿井开采影响关系研究

在我国陕北地区煤炭资源丰富、水资源匮乏，民生与采矿矛盾日益严重。为了研究地下水源是否受煤矿井下开采影响，采用现场调查、水质化验、沉陷预测、影响因素分析等方法，对魏墙煤矿工作面开采与马家梁地区居民用水之间相互影响情况进行研究。结果表明:矿井采掘3号煤层时，其顶板侏罗系延安组第四段砂岩含水层为主要充水水源，覆岩导水裂隙带为主要充水通道。居民用水水源多为浅部的第四系潜水及基岩裂隙水，少量的依靠深机井取白垩系砂岩裂隙水，与魏墙煤矿井下取水及排水水源不同。矿井2014—2016年采掘影响地下水位变化不明显，通过大气降雨统计、地下水入渗等计算，认为马家梁地区居民取水点水量减少源于居民用水量增加、自然气象的季节性影响以及区域降水量减少。

Study on relationship between groundwater source and mine exploitation in Northern Shaanxi

The contradiction between people′s livelihood and mining is more and more serious in northern Shaanxi of China，where coal resources are abundant and water resources are scarce.In order to study whether underground water source is affected by underground mining，field investigation，water quality test，subsidence prediction and influencing factor analysis were used to study the interaction between the working face mining of Weiqiang Coal Mine and the residential water use in Majialiang area.The results showed that the sandstone aquifers of the fourth section of the Jurassic Yan′an formation is the main water filling source，and the overlying rock water flowing fractured zone is the main water filling channel.The water sources for residents are mostly quaternary unconfined water and bedrock fissure water in the shallow part，and a small amount of Cretaceous sandstone fissure water is extracted by deep motor-pumped wells，which is different from water intake and drainage sources in the underground of Weiqiang Coal Mine.The change of underground water level affected by mining is not obvious from 2014 to 2016.According to the calculation of atmospheric rainfall statistics and groundwater infiltration，it was believed that the decrease of water quantity at the water intake point of residents in Majialiang area is due to the increase of water consumption of residents，the seasonal influence of natural weather and the decrease of regional precipitation.