关于高拱坝坝基可利用岩体质量要求的探讨

拱坝作为高次超静定的空间壳体结构,具有自适应能力强、超载安全系数大的显著特点,一般说来,拱坝是经济性和安全性都较优的一种坝型。然而,随着一大批高拱坝工程的相继建成,我国拱坝设计标准中对于高拱坝坝基可利用岩体质量要求过严,导致拱坝适应性和经济性降低的问题也逐渐显现。本文在对中、美拱坝坝基可利用岩体质量要求及中、外代表性拱坝工程坝基可利用岩体情况的对比分析的基础上,系统阐述了高拱坝坝基岩体质量要求过严所带来的不利影响,并列举了我国在特高拱坝及高拱坝设计中突破建基面岩体质量要求限制、取得显著经济效益的工程实例,希望能为类似工作提供参考。

Discussion on Quality Requirements of Utilizable Foundation Rock Mass of High Arch Dams

As a type of high order indeterminate space shell structure, arch dam has the feature of high self-adaptation and high overload safety factor. In general, arch dam is a kind of dam type, which has good economy and safety. However, with the completion of large sums of high arch dams, the reduction of adaptability and economical of arch dams has occurred in China, which was caused by the too strict requirements of the foundation rock mass of the Chinese arch dam design standard. Base on the comparison of the utilizable foundation rock mass of arch dam between China and the United States, and the introduction of the Chinese and foreign representative arch dam projects, this article gave a systematic analysis on the negative influence that brought by the too strict requirements of the foundation rock mass of the high arch dams, and enumerated the engineering examples of Chinese super high & high arch dams which have broken through the requirements of the foundation rock mass and have made significant economic benefit. It can be a reference for the similar work.