Identification of trail pheromone of the antTetramorium caespitum L. (Hymenoptera: Myrmicinae) |
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Authors: | Athula B Attygalle E David Morgan |
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Affiliation: | (1) Department of Chemistry, University of Keele Staffordshire, ST5 5BG, UK |
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Abstract: | The trail pheromone of the antTetramorium caespitum L. is a 70 30 mixture of 2,5-dimethylpyrazine and 3-ethyl-2, 5-dimethylpyrazine. The average total amount of the two pyrazines present in the poison vesicle was found to be 3.9 ng per ant, of which 2.7 ± 0.4 ng is 2,5-dimethylpyrazine and 1.15 ±0.25 ng is 3-ethyl-2,5-dimethylpyrazine. The pyrazines constitute only 0.03% of the volume of the poison vesicle but account for the whole of the trail-following activity. A 70 30 mixture of the respective pyrazines evoked the highest activity in artificial trail-following tests. |
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Keywords: | Ant Tetramorium caespitum trail pheromone 2 5-dimethylpyrazine poison gland venom Hymenoptera Myrmicinae synergism |
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