Fingerprint imaging across EM spectrum

Abstract

Fingerprint development techniques have been in use for over 100 years, the purpose being to enhance the contrast between fingerprint and background to aid visualisation. In some cases this is achieved by the production of coloured reaction products, in other situations the developed fingerprints may be detected by fluorescence. To date, these processes have almost exclusively utilised the visible region of the electromagnetic spectrum. Advances in sensor technology mean that it is now possible to easily image fingerprints in other regions of the electromagnetic spectrum and this may provide benefits to forensic scientists. This paper presents a review of fingerprint imaging techniques in the infra-red, visible, ultra-violet and x-ray regions and outlines potential advantages over conventional development and imaging practice.