Effects of cis-9,trans-11 CLA in rats at intake levels reported for breast-fed infants |
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Authors: | Turpeinen A M von Willebrand E Salminen I Linden J Basu S Rai D |
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Affiliation: | (1) University of Helsinki, Department of Applied Chemistry and Microbiology (Nutrition), University of Helsinki, PO Box 66, 00014, Finland;(2) Transplantation Laboratory, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland;(3) Department of Health and Functional Capacity, National Public Health Institute, Helsinki, Finland;(4) Department of Food and Environmental Hygiene, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland;(5) Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden;(6) Mead Johnson Nutritionals, Evansville, Indiana |
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Abstract: | CLA intake in exclusively breast-fed infants is close to levels found to have physiological effects in animals. However, in
the majority of studies mixtures of CLA isomers have been used and the independent effects of the major CLA isomer in human
milk, cis-9, trans-11 CLA, at the intake level in exclusively breast-fed infants have hardly been studied. We therefore studied the effects
of cis-9, trans-11 CLA on plasma lipids and glucose, immune function, and bone metabolism in growing rats. Thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats
(n=10/group) were fed either 20 mg/kg/d cis-9, trans-11 CLA and 20 mg/kg/d sunflower oil (CLA20), 40 mg/kg/d cis-9, trans-11 CLA (CLA40), or 40 mg/kg/d sunflower oil (placebo) for 8 wk. No significant differences between groups were found in plasma
lipids, glucose, insulin, C-reactive protein, or lipid peroxidation. Liver fat content was lowest in the CLA20 group. In vitro interleukin 2 (IL-2) production increased, and tumor necrosis factor alpha, IL-1β, prostaglandin E2, and leukotriene B4 production decreased in the CLA20 group. No differences between groups were detected in IL-4, IL-6, or interferon gamma production,
plasma osteocalcin, insulin-like growth factor, or urinary deoxypyridino line crosslinks. Plasma tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase
5b activity was significantly increased in the CLA40 group. The results indicate anti-inflammatory effects and enhanced T-cell
function for the CLA20 group. No adverse effects were seen in the CLA20 group, whereas indications of increased bone resorption
rate were observed in the CLA40 group. |
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