Precoding and power allocation algorithms for device-to-device communication in massive MIMO networks

Device-to-device communication (D2D) and massive multiple input multiple output (MIMO) systems are two emerging technologies that are being considered to improve the performance of next generation wireless cellular systems. In D2D, two mobile nodes communicate directly without traversing the base station (BS). Consequently, interference management, coordination, and/or cancellation techniques have to be adopted to target the problem of mutual interference between the D2D devices and the BS (or the normal mobiles nodes connected to the BS). In this paper, we investigate the problem of BS precoder design and D2D devices power allocation in the downlink of a single-cell network assuming existence of D2D devices as well as massive MIMO at the BS. We propose algorithms to maximize the sum of the achievable data rates of the D2D pairs while maintaining quality of service constraints on the cellular user equipment, which communicate normally with the BS. We also propose two algorithms for the precoding problem; the first is based on semi-definite programming while the second is based on gradient descent algorithms. Moreover, we investigate two solutions for the power allocation problem; the first solves an approximate convex optimization problem iteratively while the second is a suboptimal, but far less complex, heuristic. Finally, we propose a technique to apply the mentioned solutions when only partial channel state information is available at the BS. Simulation results show that the proposed solutions are superior to the conventional precoding and power allocation schemes.