无线传感器网络的簇头功率控制技术

在军事侦察与环境监测中,无线传感器网络一般部署在无人区域或危险区域,不能依靠人对系统进行配置与管理.网络节点通过撒播造成分簇后密度不均,影响了网络性能.由于同簇节点通信使用同一信道,簇的大小直接关系到每个节点的通信能力.当簇内节点个数处于一个合适的范围时,网络才能发挥最好的性能.因此需要对簇头进行功率控制来优化网络结构.针对这一缺乏准确数学模型的过程,提出一种基于PID的模糊自适应的变步长簇头功率控制方案,把簇内节点数目控制在一个合理的范围内.其特点是概念简单、易于理解和提高系统的鲁棒性,仿真结果从理论上证明了通过控制分簇大小以后,网络的寿命和通信能力都有所增加.

A power control scheme for cluster-heads in wireless sensor networks

Wireless sensor networks are always placed in no man's land or dangerous area to carry out some special task,and thus it is difficult to deploy and manage them by human beings.The distribution of wireless sensor networks nodes is asymmetrical due to their random broadcast,which may have adverse effect on the performance of networks.Nodes in the same cluster use the same channel for communication,the communication capability of each node is dependent on the size of a cluster.The network may have optimum performance only when the quantity of nodes is kept in an appropriate scope.The power control technology of cluster heads was needed to optimize framework of networks.We presented an approach of adaptive fuzzy power control about cluster-heads based on PID algorithm to solve the problem,which is difficult to set up a mathematic model.The approach was easy to understand and simulation result showed its validity.