人造金刚石在中国地质钻探中的应用

人造金刚石于７０年代开始在我国地质钻探中推广应用。除人造金刚石单晶外，还采用了聚晶、复合片以及其它烧结体或镶嵌体。从钻头制造到钻探设备、工具、仪器以及钻探工艺等一系列科研成果用于生产，并进行了多项相关理论的研究。建立了钻探设备和工具两个质检中心。所有这些大大地推动了我国钻探工程的技术进步。

Application of Synthetic Diamond Drilling in China

Synthetic diamond was developed in China since 1963. In 1970s, it was expanded to minegeological drilling. From 1971 to 1991, in the whole nation, totally 8, 710 drilling rigs had beenoperated to complete 54, 823 holes and a total of 16 million meters had been drilled. 65 thousandbits were used, of which 1/3 were synthetic diamond bits. The maximum average drilling depthof the bits for each year was 38. 2m. In the middle 1970s, wireline core drilling was spreaded.After this, diamond hydro - hammer drilling and downhole bit were developed. Synthetic diamond drilling has achieved notable results, which were particularly shownd in the following aspects:(1)Drilling rigs and tools, drilling fluids, drilling parameters, drilling instruments and relevant drilling management techniques were configured.(2)There are high level scientific research personnel on drilling equipment, tools, instruments, drilling fluids, bits and drilling technique and there are also high level constructors.(3)Classification of rock drillability, which can guide drilling process, bit designing and appropriate bit selection, has been made to be suitable to diamond drilling.(4)Variable cutters have been developed from synthetic monocrystalline to polycrystalline,PDC and synthetic carbonado.(5)According to the physical and mechanical properties of rocks, moulding of bit crown,senation of bit matrix, variety of the waterway design, standardization of diamond parametersselection and senation of specifications and dimensions have been formed. Diamond bit manufacturing techniques has come into being. There are resistance and medium frequency sinteringprocess, high frequency sintering process of pressing, electroplating, infiltration process of coldpressing and infiltration process with vibration, vacuum sintering and braze welding techniquewhich have been used in bit manufacturing.(6)Drilling equipment and drilling tools inspection centers have been established, withwhich the corresponding qualities can be guarranteed.