纳米粒子的粒度对化学反应的影响

综述了多相反应体系中纳米反应物的粒度对化学反应热力学和动力学的影响规律，预测了纳米粒子作为反应物在化学领域中的应用前景和发展趋势。目前的研究结果表明：多相反应体系中的反应物粒径对化学反应的热力学性质、平衡常数、电动势、反应速率和表观活化能均有明显的影响；随着反应物粒度的减小，反应的平衡常数增大，表观活化能降低，反应速率加快；对于分散电池，其电动势随着反应物电极分散度的增大而增大。

Effects of Nanoparticle Size on Chemical Reactions

The effects of particles size of a reactant in heterogeneous systems on chemical thermodynamics and kinetics are reviewed in this paper, the prospect of application and developing trend of nanoparticles as reactants in chemical fields are also forecasted. The present studies show that the nanoparticle sizes of dispersed phases in heterogeneous systems have obvious effects on the thermodynamical properties, the equilibrium constant, the EMF, the reaction rate and the apparent activation energy. In the heterogeneous systems the equilibrium constant will increase, the apparent activation energy will decrease and the reaction rate will increase with the decreasing of the particle size; the EMF will increase with the increasing of the dispersity of reaction electrode in the dispersed cell.