赤泥资源化利用现状

赤泥是氧化铝工业产生的固体废弃物,年排放量巨大,不仅造成资源浪费,而且存在极大的环境风险。本文对赤泥的产出、基本性质及其堆存危害进行了介绍,并对目前赤泥主要的利用方向进行总结分析。目前,赤泥的综合利用主要集中在提取有价金属、制备建筑材料和制备环保材料等领域。其中提取有价金属主要集中在铁、铝的回收利用,且有多种工艺路线可选择,而制备建筑材料是赤泥利用量最大的处置方式,可从骨料、胶凝料等多方面降低对自然矿产的消耗,促进建材行业的碳减排。赤泥同样可用作制备环保材料,起到“以废制废”的效果,但必须重视可能发生的重金属浸出,预防有害物质的二次危害。

Resourceful utilization status of red mud

Red mud is a solid waste produced by alumina industry, with huge annual emissions. The discharge and stockpiling of a large amount of red mud not only causes resource waste, but also poses great environmental risks. In this paper, the output, basic properties and stockpiling hazards of red mud are introduced, and the main utilization directions of red mud are summarized and analyzed. At present, the comprehensive utilization of red mud mainly focuses on the extraction of valuable metals, the preparation of building materials and environmental protection materials. The extraction of valuable metals mainly focuses on the recovery and utilization of iron and aluminum, and there are a variety of process routes to choose from. The preparation of building materials is the disposal method with the largest utilization of red mud, which can reduce the consumption of natural minerals from various aspects such as aggregate and cementable materials, and promote the carbon emission reduction of building materials industry. Red mud can also be used as an environmentally friendly material to achieve the effect of "waste to waste", but attention must be paid to the possible leaching of heavy metals to prevent the secondary harm of harmful substances.