The aminolysis of styrene–maleic anhydride copolymers for a new modifier used in urea-formaldehyde resins |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers (Beijing University of Chemical Technology), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100029, PR China;2. College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China;3. National Center Quality Supervision and Test of Building Engineering, China Academy of Building Research, Beijing 100013, PR China;1. School of Engineering, Zhejiang A & F University, Lin’an 311300, Zhejiang, China;2. Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, Yunnan, China;3. College of Wood Science and Technology, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, China;4. Department of Material and Optoelectronic Science, National Sun Yat-Sen University, 804 Kaohsiung, Taiwan;5. Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, Ibaraki 565-0047, Osaka, Japan;1. State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China;2. Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China;3. Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China;4. Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China;1. College of Materials Science and Metallurgy, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China;2. National Engineering Research Center for Compounding and Modification of Polymer Materials, Guiyang 550014, China |
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| Abstract: | Styrene (St) and maleic anhydride (MA) alternating copolymers with different molecular weights (MW) were synthesized via radical copolymerization. The copolymers were subsequently transferred into water-soluble maleic amic acid derivatives (SMAA) via the aminolysis of anhydride groups using (NH4)2CO3 as the ammonia sources. The synthesized polymers were applied as a new kind of macromolecular modifier and added into the reaction system during the synthesis of urea-formaldehyde (UF) resins via the traditional alkaline–acidic–alkaline three-step process. The UF resins modified with SMAA were characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (13C-NMR) spectroscopy, and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). All the results confirmed the successful incorporation of SMAA chains into the crosslinking network of the UF resins. The modified UF resins were further employed as wood adhesives and the effect of synthesis parameters on their performance was investigated. Meanwhile, the influence of SMAA molecular weight (MW) on the properties of the modified UF resins was also studied. When the UF resins were synthesized with a low molar ratio of formaldehyde/urea (F/U) and a predetermined amount of SMAA added into the reaction system at the second step, plywood bonded using these modified UF resins showed much improved bonding strength (BS) and depressed formaldehyde emission. Moreover, the as-modified UF resins showed good storage characteristics. |
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| Keywords: | Urea-formaldehyde resins Styrene–maleic anhydride alternating copolymers Wood adhesives Crosslinking network Formaldehyde emission Plywood |
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