影响硫酸生产催化剂低温活性的几个因素

研究了用碳化母液制备的低温硫酸催化剂中铯、铷、锂等碱金属元素的助催化作用和熔盐用量对催化剂低温活性的影响。结果表明，铯的低温助催化效果最佳，其用量宜控制在Cs／V＝0.3～0.6。当Cs／V＝0.6时，410℃的ＳＯ_２转化率达42.5%，比无铯催化剂的转化率高9.5%。铷的低温助催化作用比铯低，宜采取措施，适当提高母液的Cs／Rb。在多种碱金属元素混合使用的情况下，锂元素有较好的助催化作用，其最佳用量为Li／Ｖ＝0.4，此时410℃的ＳＯ_２转化率达46%。锂盐的添加顺序对催化剂低温活性亦有一定影响。发现活性组份含量对催化剂低温活性和高温活性影响较大，M／V宜小于4.5。

Effect of alkali metals on low temperature activity of sulfuric acid manufacturing catalyst

The effect of alkali metals (Cs, Rb, Li) and dosage of melt salts on low temperature activity among sulfuric acid manufacturing catalyst, prepared from waste liquid from metallurgy, was studied. The results showed that cesium was the best promoter among the three elements, and appropriate Cs/V ratio was 0. 3 to 0.6. When Cs/V ratio-0. 6, conversion of SO2 over the catalyst reaches 42. 5% at 410℃, 9. 5％ higher than that prepared without cesium. The effect of rubidium on low temperature of the catalyst is less than that of cesium. Therefore, Cs/Rb ratio in the metallurgical waste liquid should be enhanced. Lithium also has favorable effect on the activity when alkali metals are added in combination. The optimum dosage of lithium is Li/V--0. 4, at which SO2 conversion reaches 46% under 410℃.The incorporating order of lithium also has influences on low temperature activity of the catalyst. It was found that content of active components has considerable effect on both low and high temperature activity. Suitable alkali-metal/vanadium ratio should be less than 4.5.