高速列车驾驶界面设计中的照明眩光评估

高速列车驾驶环境中的照明眩光对界面设计有着十分重要的影响,如何在设计阶段对眩光进行有效的评估,是目前高速列车驾驶界面设计中面临的一个难题。针对高速列车驾驶界面照明环境复杂,眩光源的形状和边界难以判定,眩光计算参数值难以准确采集等问题,提出一种基于统一眩光评估(Unified glare rating,UGR)公式和小光源UGR修正公式的高速列车驾驶界面照明眩光评估模型,在利用视觉仿真方法获得包含驾驶员视觉仿真图像及其每一像素点光度学信息的基础上,通过对视觉仿真图像内的眩光源像素点进行判定、整合和筛除,获取高速列车驾驶界面照明眩光评估模型计算参数值,实现高速列车驾驶界面的眩光评估。采用被试主观评价试验对CRH3型车驾驶界面的12种照明方案进行眩光评估,并与提出的基于视觉仿真的照明眩光评估方法的计算结果进行对比分析,分析结果表明提出的方法与主观感受具有显著的线性关系。该方法可在设计阶段对高速列车驾驶环境照明眩光进行有效评估,为驾驶界面相关设计与优化提供指导。

Lighting Glare Evaluation Method for the Driving Interface Design of High-speed Train

The lighting glare of high-speed train driving environment has an important influence on the interface design. How to validly evaluate the glare at the design stage is currently a hard problem in the design of high speed train driving interface. Considering the complexity of lighting environment of high-speed train driving interface, the difficulties to determine the shapes and boundaries of the glare sources, and the difficulties to accurately acquire the calculate parameters for the glare calculation, this paper proposes a lighting glare evaluation model for high-speed train driving interface based on the unified glare rating(UGR) evaluation formula and small light sources UGR correction formula. Files, which including the driver’s visual simulation image file and the image pixels photometry information file, are acquired by visual simulation method. The parameter values for the glare evaluation model are obtained by identifying, integrating, and filtering the glare source pixels in the visual simulation image. Subsequently, the parameter values can be used as the input values to evaluate the lighting glare of high-speed train driving interface. 12 lighting schemes of the CRH3 driving interface are designed and evaluated by subjective evaluation experiments and the proposed lighting glare evaluation method. The results show that the evaluation value of the proposed method has a significant linear relationship with the subjective sensation. The proposed method can validly evaluate the lighting glare of high-speed train driving interface at the design stage. The method can provide guidance for the design and optimization of high-speed train driving interface.