溴化苯乙烯/苯乙烯/丙烯腈乳液聚合试验条件探索

以过硫酸钾为引发剂,十二烷基硫酸钠为乳化剂,叔十二烷基硫醇为链转移剂,通过乳液法对溴化苯乙烯、苯乙烯、丙烯腈进行共聚得到溴化苯乙烯-丙烯腈共聚物.考察了引发剂、乳化剂、链转移剂的添加量,反应温度,反应时间,水和单体比例等对聚合反应收率的影响.研究表明：较适宜的反应条件为反应温度80℃,反应时间6h,水与单体质量比4∶1,引发剂质量为单体总质量的0.4％,乳化剂质量为单体总质量的4％,叔十二烷基硫醇为单体总物质的量的2％;上述条件下的产物收率高,相对分子质量4万左右,热分解温度高于350℃.

Experimental research of bromide styrene/styrene/acrylonitrile emulsion polymerization

With potassium persulfate （KSP） as initiator, sodium dodecyl sulfate （SDS） as emulsifier, polyvinyl alcohol（PVA） as emulsifying stabilizer, tert-dodecyl mercaptan （TDM） as chain transfer agent, bromide styrene, styrene and acrylonitrile is copolymerized by means of emulsion polymerization. The effects of amount of initiator, emulsifier and chain transfer agent, reaction temperature, reaction time, the ratio of water and monomer on the yield of the polymerization are investigated. Ultimately the optimal conditions are determined： reaction temperature 80 ℃, reaction time 6 h, the quality proportion of water, KSP, SDS, PVA and all monomer are 4, 0. 4%, 4%, 0. 2% respectively, the mole proportion of TDM and monomer is 2%. Under these conditions the yield of the polymerization is 99. 86%, molecular weight is about 40 000, and thermal-decomposition temperature is above 350 ℃.