Properties of barium titanate powders in relation to the heat treatment of the barium titanyl oxalate precursor

Barium titanate powders have been prepared by calcining barium titanyl oxalate precipitated by the Clabaugh and Merker processes, and their crystallization kinetics, morphology, and phase composition have been assessed. The results demonstrate that the Clabaugh process allows one to obtain powders with a low content of residual phases and tune the grain size (68–1935 nm) and crystal structure of barium titanate in wide ranges. The powders prepared through the Merker process have a narrower range of crystallite sizes (110–740 nm) and higher content of residual phases.